Pouring spout adapted for use with



March 23, 1937. L. A. cAMERO TA I 2,074,537

POURING SPOUT ADAPTED FOR USE WITH CENTRIFUGAL CASTING MACHINES Filed July 20, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 WITNESSES:

INVENTOR: Loans :91 L'ameroia, BY

G MACHINES .March 23,

1937, A. QAMEROTA POURING SPOUT ADAPTED FOR USE WITH CENTRIFUGAL CASTIN Filed July 20, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. fl. Cameroia Patented 1......3'. 1931 I POURING SPOUT ADAP'IED FOR USE CENTRIFUGAL CASTING MACHINE wrrn Louis A. Camerota, Burlington, N. 1., assignor to Florence Pipe Foundry & Machine Company, Florence, N. 1., a corporation of New Jersey Application July at, 1935, Serial No. aaazo 20mm. (once-rel In casting hollow metal bodies by the centrifugal process, it is highly important to obtain an even how of metal from the charging ladle to the mold, and to distribute the metal throughout the mold as. smoothly and uniformly as pos- 'siblef With apparatus heretofore used or proposed, difllculties have been experienced by reason of the impact or drop of the metal issuing from thedischargeend of the spout upon a relatively small area of the-inner surface of the mold,

such difllculties sometimes causing defective castlugs to result. Difficulties have also been experienced from failing to provide a straight unobstructed channel whereby the metal may flow through the spout and-the length of the mold uniformly and evenly and without surging or splashing. L

The principal object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioneddifficulties by the provision of a pouring spout of special for- I mation. More specifically, the spout of this invention defines a substantially straight channel entering the mold at an angle to the longitudinal axis thereof and terminating in a pouring edge disposed adjacent'and substantially parallel to the inner surface of the mold. Additionally, the spout is so formed as to cause the metal to flow smoothly and without surging or splashing. and

to be deposited within the mold in ribbon like form, the ribbon of metal being laid substantially.

tangentially to the inner surface of the mold and being caused to move forwardly therein in spiral convolutions. In this manner severe impact is avoided incident to the deposition of the metal within the mold, this being accomplished in part by decreasing the height of the drop-and in part by initially distributing the metal over a relatively large area of the mold.

Other objects and advantages characterizing. my invention will become more fully apparent from the description hereinafter set forth of one example or embodiment of the invention, having reference to the accompanying drawings.

I drawings:

, Fig. I represents a plan view showing a car- 'riage with a tilting ladle thereon and a pouring spout leading from the tilting ladle to the end of a rotary mold.

Fig. 11 represents a side elevation of the same, with certain parts cut away and shown in cross section to reveal the interior of the tilting ladle and connecting spout.

Fig. 111 represents an enlarged plan view of 55 the pouring spout showing the relation between Of the the end of, the spout and the rotary mold in which it is inserted.

Fig. IV represents a itself.

Fig. V represents an end view of the same. Fig. VI represents a cross section of the rotarymold and spout, taken as indicated by the lines V'I-V.I in Fig. III; and

Fig. VII representsa cross se taken as indicated by the lines with reference to Figs. I and II of the drawings, there is shown a ladle carriage comprehenslde elevation of the spout tlon of the spout, VII-VII of Fig.

sively designated at I having thereon a tilting ladle 2 adapted to be raised and lowered by means of a pivoted cylinder 3 and plunger 4. The'carriage I has wheels 5 engaging rails 6 and is thus adapted to be moved towards and away from the rotary mold I v of the centrifugal casting machine. For carrying molten metal from the ladle 2 to the mold I, a connecting spout 8 is employed, the spout being adjustably supported on the ladle carriage i.

In order to adapt with spouts of varying sizes, one convenient manner of removably supporting the spout 8 is to employ near the upper end of the spout a pair of trunnions Ill engaged by a pair of adjustable brackets Ii, and to employ near the lower end of the spout a pair of grooved lugs l2, which rest upon a bar l3 carried by a pair of adjustable brackets I4. Desirably, the brackets ii and M are slotted and are secured to the frame members I5 of the ladle carriage by-means of bolts I6 so that they may be independently adjusted to the desired height.- The particular manner of operating the ladle carriage l to move it towards or away from. the rotary mold l and the 'raising and lowering the tilting ladle 2 formno put of the present invention, and a detailed description thereof is here omitted, but such a description may be found in my pending application for U. S. Letters Patent, Serial No. 32,322, filed 45 on the 20th day of July, 1935, which is specifically directed to these features. It will be noted that the tilting ladle 2 is Provided with a pouring lip l1, and that tilting movement of the ladle takes place about a horizontal axis substantially coincident with the forward edge of the lip [1, thus assuring a smooth and even flow of molten metal g from the ladle 2 into the connecting spout B.

As shown most clearly in Figs. III and VII, the

rotary mold I selected for illustration comprises Y the ladle'carriage I for use 25 particular mechanism for 40 with a smooth curve,

a cylindrical metal flask l8 having therein an annular sand lining 19. It may be assumed that the fiask I8 is rotated by any well-known form of centrifugal casting machine. Moreover, the characteristics of the rotary mold may be varied to considerable extent, the present invention being particularly concerned with the connecting spout 8 and its relation to the end of the rotary mold.

The connecting spout 8 comprises a bottom member 20 inclined downwardly and forwardly as indicated in Fig. to provide a chute for the flow of metal from the lip I! of the ladle 2 to the interior of the rotary mold I, and having upstanding flanges 2|, 22 at its sides forming therewith a channel for confining the flow of metal to a substantially straight path as viewed from above. The channel thus defined by the connecting spout is desirably of U-shaped section, as indicated in Fig. VII, and preferably the side flanges 2|, 22 converge towards the discharge end of the spout, and then parallel each other for a distance within the mold I. It will be particularly observed that the side flanges 2|, 22 are so disposed with reference to the center line X-X of the spout that the channel for the flow of metal is straight in the sense that there is no curvature or obstruction tending to alter the course or deflect the flow of metal on itspath from the lip H of the ladle '2 to the rotary mold 1. At the discharge end, the pouring spout 8 is provided with a relatively short free pouring edge 23, which extends transversely of the spout, and a relatively long free pouring edge 24, which extends diagonally of the spout and which parallels the longitudinal axis Y-Y of the mold. More-- over, the center line X-X of the pouring spout isdisposed in parallel relation to the rails 6 upon which the ladle carriage I travels, and forms an angle with the longitudinal axis YY of the rotary mold 1. Trunnions 25 located near the center of the spout 8 serve as a convenient means for attachment of the spout to hoisting apparatus when it is tobe removed.

By thus positioning the straight edge 24 of the pouring spout 8 in proximity to and paralleling the inner surface of the sand lining ill, the metal flowing over the edge 24 is caused to be deposited upon the sand lining i9 substantially tangentially to its inner circumference at the point thereof which is in closest proximity to the pouring edge 24. Thus when the flask i8 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. VI, the metal is laid upon the mold in ribbon-like form with the rotation of the flask i 8 following, rather than opposing, the gravity materially the force discharge and this reduced of the impact of the mass of metal striking the sand lining I9. Furthermore, the intensity of the impact of the metal thus deposited upon the sand lining is is further diminished by reason of the relatively long pouring edge 24, which causes the ribbon of metal to be deposited over a relatively large area of the sand lining.

In order that the flow of metal from the pouring spout 8 to the mold 1 shall not be arrested as to its forward motion, the relatively short transverse pouring edge 23 is provided. A portion of the metal is deposited over the transverse edge 23, and this portion, together with the ribbon of metal deposited over the diagonal pouring edge 2, is urged forwardly through the mold, the resultant of the component forces involved causing the! ribbon to travel forwardly in spiral convolutions and to distribute itself rapidly and smoothly throughout the mold.

The-insertion and removal of the pouring spout 8 with'respect to the end of the mold I is accomplished in an obvious manner by moving the ladle carriage I forwardly and rearwardly along the track rails 6. The ladle carriage I may readily be converted for use with different size flasks by substituting diflerent size pouring spouts, and the proportions of the spout may be varied to suit different conditions.

' From the above description it will be apparent that the apparatus of this invention avoids many difliculties which have heretofore existed because it provides a straight unobstructed channel for the flow of metal from the ladle through the pouring spout and into the mold, with the end of the channel formed in such manner as to reduce the intensity of the impact of the metal deposited in the mold to a minimum and to distribute the metal rapidly and smoothly throughout the mold.

While I have described one particular example of my invention, it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form of the apparatus herein disclosed without departing from the spirit of my invention as defined in the annexed claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In combination, a horizontal rotary mold, and a pouring spout adapted'to be maintained in fixed relation to the mold while discharging metal therein to form a centrifugal casing, said spout, as viewed from above, defining a substantially straight channel entering one end of the mold at an angle to the longitudinal axis thereof, and terminating near said end of the mold in a pouring edge so formed as to cause a ribbon of metal to be laid tangentially upon the inner surface of the mold and to cause said ribbon of metal to travel forwardly therein with spiral convolutions, and said spout, as viewed in side elevation, being inclined sharply downward toward the end of the mold with the portion of the spout within the mold disposed in a substantially horizontal plane.

2. In combination, a horizontal rotary mold, and a pouring spout adapted to 'be maintained in fixed relation to the mold while discharging metal therein to form a centrifugal casing, said spout, as viewed from above, defining a substantially straight channel entering one end of the mold at an angle to the longitudinal axis thereof, and terminating near said end of the mold in a relatively short pouring edge disposed transverseiy of the mold and a relatively long pouring edge disposed adjacent and parallel to the inner surface of the mold, and said spout, as viewed in side elevation, being inclined sharply downward toward the end of the mold with the portion of the spout within the mold disposed in a substantially horizontal plane.

LOUIS A. CAMERDTA. 

